GTK/Development

Write a simple message dialog app

You can write your own GTK 3 message dialog easily in many programming languages through GObject-Introspection or bindings, or you can simply use bash.

The following examples display a simple "Hello world" in a message dialog.

Ada

• Dependency: gtkada^AUR
• Makedependency: gcc-ada
• Build with: gnatmake hello_world `gtkada-config`

hello_world.adb

with Gtk.Main;
with Gtk.Dialog;           use Gtk.Dialog;
with Gtk.Message_Dialog;   use Gtk.Message_Dialog;

procedure hello_world is
  Dialog   : Gtk_Message_Dialog;
  Response : Gtk_Response_Type;
begin
  Gtk.Main.Init;
  Gtk_New (Dialog   => Dialog,
           Parent   => null,
           Flags    => 0,
           The_Type => Message_Info,
           Buttons  => Buttons_OK,
           Message  => "Hello world!");
  Format_Secondary_Markup (Dialog, "This is an example dialog.");
  Response := Run (Dialog);
end hello_world;

Bash

• Dependency: zenity

hello_world.sh

#!/bin/bash
zenity --info --title='Hello world!' --text='This is an example dialog.'

BASIC

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: freebasic-gnomeheaders^AUR
• Build with: fbc hello_world.bas

hello_world.bas

#include "Gir/Gtk-3.0.bi"
Dim As GtkWidget Ptr hello
gtk_init (cast(gint ptr, @__fb_argc__), @__fb_argv__)
hello = gtk_message_dialog_new (NULL, GTK_DIALOG_MODAL, GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, "Hello world!")
gtk_message_dialog_format_secondary_text (GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG (hello), "This is an example dialog.")
gtk_dialog_run (GTK_DIALOG (hello))

Boo

• Dependency: gtk-sharp-3 (and boo^AUR)
• Makedependency: boo^AUR
• Build with: booc hello_world.boo
• Run with: mono hello_world.exe (or booi hello_world.boo)

hello_world.boo

import Gtk from "gtk-sharp"
Application.Init()
Hello = MessageDialog(null, DialogFlags.Modal, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!")
Hello.SecondaryText = "This is an example dialog."
Hello.Run()

C

• Dependency: gtk3
• Build with: gcc -o hello_world $(pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0) hello_world.c

hello_world.c

#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
	gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
        GtkWidget *hello = gtk_message_dialog_new (NULL, GTK_DIALOG_MODAL, GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, "Hello world!");
	gtk_message_dialog_format_secondary_text (GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG (hello), "This is an example dialog.");
        gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG (hello));
        return 0;
}

C++

• Dependency: gtkmm3
• Build with: g++ -o hello_world $(pkg-config --cflags --libs gtkmm-3.0) hello_world.cc

hello_world.cc

#include <gtkmm/main.h>
#include <gtkmm/messagedialog.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	Gtk::Main kit(argc, argv);
	Gtk::MessageDialog Hello("Hello world!", false, Gtk::MESSAGE_INFO, Gtk::BUTTONS_OK);
	Hello.set_secondary_text("This is an example dialog.");
	Hello.run();
        return 0;
}

C#

• Dependency: gtk-sharp-3
• Build with: mcs -pkg:gtk-sharp-3.0 hello_world.cs
• Run with: mono hello_world.exe

hello_world.cs

using Gtk;
public class HelloWorld {
	static void Main() {
		Application.Init ();
		MessageDialog Hello = new MessageDialog (null, DialogFlags.Modal, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!");
		Hello.SecondaryText="This is an example dialog.";
		Hello.Run ();
	}
}

D

• Dependency: gtkd
• Makedependency: ldc
• Build with: ldc hello_world $(pkg-config --cflags --libs gtkd-3)

hello_world.d

import gtk.Main;
import gtk.MessageDialog;

void main(string[] args)
{
	Main.init(args);
	MessageDialog dialog = new MessageDialog(null, GtkDialogFlags.MODAL, MessageType.INFO, ButtonsType.OK, "Hello world!");
	dialog.run();
}

F#

• Dependency: dotnet-sdk
• Run with: dotnet fsi hello_world.fsx

hello_world.fsx

#r "nuget: GtkSharp"
open Gtk

let main () =
  Application.Init()
  let Hello = new MessageDialog(null, DialogFlags.Modal, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!")
  Hello.SecondaryText <- "This is an example dialog."
  Hello.Run() |> ignore

main ()

Fortran

• Dependency: gtk-3-fortran-git^AUR
• Makedependency: gcc-fortran
• Build with: gfortran -o hello_world $(pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk-3-fortran) hello_world.f90

hello_world.f90

program hello_world
  use gtk_hl
  use gtk, only: gtk_init

  integer(c_int) :: resp
  character(40), dimension(2) :: msg

  call gtk_init()
  msg(1) ="Hello world!"
  msg(2) = "This is an example dialog."
  resp = hl_gtk_message_dialog_show(msg, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, type=GTK_MESSAGE_INFO)
end program hello_world

Genie

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: vala
• Build with: valac --pkg gtk+-3.0 hello_world.gs

hello_world.gs

uses 
	Gtk
init
	Gtk.init (ref args)
	var Hello=new MessageDialog (null, Gtk.DialogFlags.MODAL, Gtk.MessageType.INFO, Gtk.ButtonsType.OK, "Hello world!")
	Hello.format_secondary_text ("This is an example dialog.")
	Hello.run ()

Go

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: gotk3-git^AUR or go get github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk
• Build with: go build hello_world.go
• (Or run with: go run hello_world.go)

hello_world.go

package main
import ("github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk")

func main() {
	gtk.Init(nil)
	dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew(nil, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_INFO, gtk.BUTTONS_OK, "Hello world!")
	dialog.FormatSecondaryText("This is an example notification.")
	dialog.Run()
}

Groovy

• Dependencies: groovy, java-gnome^AUR
• Build with: groovyc -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar HelloWorld.groovy && jar cfe HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld HelloWorld.class
• Run with: java -cp /usr/share/groovy/embeddable/groovy-all.jar:/usr/share/java/gtk.jar:HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld or groovy -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar HelloWorld.groovy

HelloWorld.groovy

import org.gnome.gtk.*
Gtk.init()
def Hello = new InfoMessageDialog(null, "Hello world!", "This is an example dialog.")
Hello.run()

Haskell

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: haskell-gtk3
• Build with: ghc hello_world

hello_world.hs

import Graphics.UI.Gtk
main = do
         initGUI
         dialog <- messageDialogNew Nothing [DialogModal] MessageInfo ButtonsOk "Hello world!"
         messageDialogSetSecondaryText dialog "This is an example dialog."
         _res <- dialogRun dialog
         return 0

IronPython

• Dependencies: gtk-sharp-3, ironpython^AUR
• Run with: ipy hello_world.py

hello_world.py

import clr
clr.AddReference('gtk-sharp')
import Gtk
Gtk.Application.Init()
Hello = Gtk.MessageDialog (None, Gtk.DialogFlags.Modal, Gtk.MessageType.Info, Gtk.ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!")
Hello.SecondaryText="This is an example dialog."
Hello.Run()

Java

• Dependency: java-gnome^AUR
• Makedependency: java-environment
• Build with: javac -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar HelloWorld.java && jar cfe HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld HelloWorld.class
• Run with: java -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar:HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld

HelloWorld.java

import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
import org.gnome.gtk.Dialog;
import org.gnome.gtk.InfoMessageDialog;

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Gtk.init(args);
        Dialog Hello = new InfoMessageDialog(null, "Hello world!", "This is an example dialog.");
        Hello.run();
    }
}

JavaScript

• Dependencies: gtk3, gjs

hello_world.js

#!/usr/bin/env gjs
const Gtk = imports.gi.Gtk
Gtk.init(null, null)
var Hello = new Gtk.MessageDialog({type: Gtk.MessageType.INFO,
                                   buttons: Gtk.ButtonsType.OK,
                                   text: "Hello world!",
                                   "secondary-text": "This is an example dialog."})
Hello.run()

JRuby

• Dependencies: java-gnome^AUR, jruby
• Build with: jrubyc hello_world.rb && jar cfe hello_world.jar hello_world hello_world.class
• Run with: java -cp /opt/jruby/lib/jruby.jar:hello_world.jar hello_world or jruby hello_world.rb

hello_world.rb

require '/usr/share/java/gtk.jar'
import Java::OrgGnomeGtk::Gtk
import Java::OrgGnomeGtk::Dialog
import Java::OrgGnomeGtk::InfoMessageDialog

Gtk.init(nil)
Hello = InfoMessageDialog.new(nil, "Hello world!", "This is an example dialog.")
Hello.run

Jython

• Dependencies: java-gnome^AUR, jython
• Run with: jython -Dpython.path=/usr/share/java/gtk.jar hello_world.py

hello_world.py

from org.gnome.gtk import Gtk, InfoMessageDialog
Gtk.init(None)
Hello=InfoMessageDialog(None, "Hello world!", "This is an example dialog.")
Hello.run()

Lua

• Dependencies: gtk3, lua-lgi-git^AUR

hello_world.lua

#!/usr/bin/env lua
lgi = require 'lgi'
Gtk = lgi.require('Gtk')
Gtk.init()
Hello=Gtk.MessageDialog {message_type = Gtk.MessageType.INFO,
                         buttons = Gtk.ButtonsType.OK,
                         text = "Hello world!",
                         secondary_text = "This is an example dialog."}
Hello:run()

Nemerle

• Dependency: gtk-sharp-3
• Makedependency: nemerle^AUR
• Build with: ncc -pkg:gtk-sharp-3.0 -out:hello_world.exe hello_world.n
• Run with: mono hello_world.exe

hello_world.n

using Gtk;
public class HelloWorld {
	static Main() : void {
		Application.Init ();
		def Hello = MessageDialog (null, DialogFlags.Modal, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!");
		Hello.SecondaryText = "This is an example dialog.";
		_ = Hello.Run ();
	}
}

Pascal

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependencies: fpc, GTK 3.0 bindings
• Build with: fpc hello_world

hello_world.pas

program	hello_world;
uses	Math, Gtk3;
var	dialog: PGtkWidget;
begin
	SetExceptionMask([exInvalidOp, exDenormalized, exZeroDivide, exOverflow, exUnderflow, exPrecision]);
	gtk_init(@argc, @argv);
	dialog := gtk_message_dialog_new(nil, GTK_DIALOG_MODAL, GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, '%s', ['Hello world!']);
	gtk_message_dialog_format_secondary_text(PGtkMessageDialog(dialog), '%s', ['This is an example dialog.']);
	gtk_dialog_run(PGtkDialog(dialog));
end.

Perl

• Dependency: perl-gtk3

hello_world.pl

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use Gtk3 -init;
my $hello = Gtk3::MessageDialog->new (undef, 'modal', 'info', 'ok', "Hello world!");
$hello->set ('secondary-text' => 'This is an example dialog.');
$hello->run;

Prolog

• Dependency: plgi^AUR
• Run with: swipl hello_world.pl

hello_world.pl

:- use_module(library(plgi)).
:- plgi_use_namespace('Gtk').

main :-
	g_object_new('GtkMessageDialog',
	             ['message-type'='GTK_MESSAGE_INFO',
	              'buttons'='GTK_BUTTONS_OK',
	              'text'='Hello world!',
	              'secondary-text'='This is an example dialog.'],
	             Dialog),
	gtk_dialog_run(Dialog, _),
	halt.
:- main.

Python

• Dependencies: gtk3, python-gobject

hello_world.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
Gtk.init(None)
Hello = Gtk.MessageDialog(message_type=Gtk.MessageType.INFO,
                          buttons=Gtk.ButtonsType.OK,
                          text="Hello world!",
                          secondary_text="This is an example dialog.")
Hello.run()

Ruby

• Dependency: gtk3, ruby-gir_ffi-gtk^AUR

hello_world.rb

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'gir_ffi-gtk3'
Gtk.init
Hello = Gtk::MessageDialog.new nil, :modal, :info, :ok, "Hello world!"
Hello.secondary_text = "This is an example dialog."
Hello.run

• Dependency: ruby-gtk3

hello_world.rb

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'gtk3'
Gtk.init
Hello = Gtk::MessageDialog.new(:type => :info,
                               :buttons_type => :ok,
                               :message => "Hello world!")
Hello.secondary_text = "This is an example dialog."
Hello.run

Rust

Using Gtk-rs.

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: rust
• Build with: cargo build
• Run with: target/debug/hello_world or cargo run

Cargo.toml

[package]
name = "hello_world"
version = "0.1.0"

[dependencies]
gtk = "^0"

src/main.rs

extern crate gtk;
use gtk::prelude::*;
use gtk::{ButtonsType, DialogFlags, MessageType, MessageDialog, Window};

fn main() {
    let _ = gtk::init();
    MessageDialog::new(None::<&Window>,
                       DialogFlags::empty(),
                       MessageType::Info,
                       ButtonsType::Ok,
                       "Hello world!").run();
}

Scala

• Dependency: java-gnome^AUR (and scala)
• Makedependency: scala
• Build with: scalac -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar -d HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld.scala
• Run with: java -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar:HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld (or scala -cp /usr/share/java/gtk.jar HelloWorld.scala)

HelloWorld.scala

import org.gnome.gtk._
 
object HelloWorld {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    Gtk.init(args)
    var hello = new InfoMessageDialog(null, "Hello world!", "This is an example dialog.")
    hello.run()
  }
}

Vala

• Dependency: gtk3
• Makedependency: vala
• Build with: valac --pkg gtk+-3.0 hello_world.vala

hello_world.vala

using Gtk;
public class HelloWorld {
	static void main (string[] args) {
		Gtk.init (ref args);
		var Hello=new MessageDialog (null, Gtk.DialogFlags.MODAL, Gtk.MessageType.INFO, Gtk.ButtonsType.OK, "Hello world!");
		Hello.format_secondary_text ("This is an example dialog.");
		Hello.run ();
	}
}

Visual Basic .NET

• Dependency: gtk-sharp-3
• Makedependency: mono-basic^AUR
• Build with: vbnc -r:/usr/lib/mono/gtk-sharp-3.0/gtk-sharp.dll hello_world.vb
• Run with: mono hello_world.exe

hello_world.vb

Imports Gtk
Public Class Hello
	Inherits MessageDialog
	Public Sub New
		MyBase.New(Me, DialogFlags.Modal, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Ok, "Hello world!")
		Me.SecondaryText = "This is an example dialog."
	End Sub
	Public Shared Sub Main
		Application.Init
		Dim Dialog As New Hello
		Dialog.Run
	End Sub
End Class

See also

• GNOME Developer Center
• GTK 3 Reference Manual
• GTK 2.0 Tutorial^{[dead link 2021-11-10 ⓘ]}
• gtkmm 3 Tutorial