Libcanberra

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Libcanberra is a simple abstract interface for playing event sounds. It implements the XDG Sound Theme and Naming Specifications for generating event sounds on free desktops, such as GNOME. Further description here

Installation

Libcanberra can be installed with the package libcanberra. libcanberra no longer requires any backends for ALSA, pulseaudio or gstreamer, as they are now built in to the libcanberra package.

It is necessary to install a sound theme in order to hear any event sound:

Configuration

By default, the GTK module is loaded automatically when a GTK application launched. You can overwrite the default settings in the user's GtkSettings file:

$HOME/.gtkrc-2.0 and $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
gtk-enable-event-sounds=true
gtk-enable-input-feedback-sounds=true
gtk-sound-theme-name=freedesktop

In GNOME, these settings are managed by gnome-settings-daemon, and the configuration is available in GSettings under the org.gnome.desktop.sound schema.

systemd

To enable bootup, shutdown and reboot sounds using canberra, enable canberra-system-bootup.service.

Usage in programming

You can write your own libcanberra sound events easily in many programming languages using GSound through GObject-Introspection, or you can simply use bash.

Bash

hello_world.sh
#!/bin/bash
canberra-gtk-play -i phone-incoming-call -d "hello world"

C

  • Dependency: libcanberra
  • Build with: gcc -o hello_world `pkg-config --cflags --libs glib-2.0 libcanberra` hello_world.c
hello_world.c
#include <glib.h>
#include <canberra.h>
int main () {
	ca_context * hello;
	ca_context_create (&hello);
	ca_context_play (hello, 0,
		CA_PROP_EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		CA_PROP_EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world",
		NULL);
	g_usleep (2000000);
	return 0;
}
  • Dependency: gsound
  • Build with: gcc -o hello_world `pkg-config --cflags --libs glib-2.0 gsound` hello_world.c
hello_world.c
#include <glib.h>
#include <gsound.h>
int main () {
	GSoundContext *hello = gsound_context_new(NULL, NULL);
	gsound_context_play_simple(hello, NULL, NULL,
		GSOUND_ATTR_EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		GSOUND_ATTR_EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world",
		NULL);
	g_usleep (2000000);
	return 0;
}

Genie

  • Dependency: libcanberra
  • Makedependency: vala
  • Build with: valac --pkg libcanberra hello_world.gs
hello_world.gs
uses
	Canberra
init
	hello: Context
	Context.create(out hello)
	hello.play (0,
		PROP_EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		PROP_EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world")
	Thread.usleep (2000000)
  • Dependency: gsound
  • Makedependency: vala
  • Build with: valac --pkg gsound hello_world.gs
hello_world.gs
uses
	GSound
init
	var hello = new GSound.Context
	hello.init()
	hello.play_simple(null,
		GSound.Attribute.EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		GSound.Attribute.EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world")
	Thread.usleep (2000000)

JavaScript

hello_world.js
#!/usr/bin/gjs
const GLib = imports.gi.GLib;
const GSound = imports.gi.GSound;

let hello = new GSound.Context();
hello.init(null);
hello.play_simple({ "event.id" : "phone-incoming-call", 
                    "event.description" : "hello world" }, null);
GLib.usleep (2000000);

Lua

hello_world.lua
#!/usr/bin/lua
lgi = require 'lgi'
GLib = lgi.require('GLib')
GSound = lgi.require('GSound')

hello = GSound.Context()
hello:play_simple({ [GSound.ATTR_EVENT_ID] = "phone-incoming-call",
                    [GSound.ATTR_EVENT_DESCRIPTION] = "hello world" })
GLib.usleep (2000000)

Perl

hello_world.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use Glib::Object::Introspection;
Glib::Object::Introspection->setup (
	basename => 'GSound',
	version => '1.0',
	package => 'GSound');
my $hello = GSound::Context->new;
$hello->play_simple({ "event.id" => "phone-incoming-call",
                      "event.description" => "hello world" });
sleep (2);

Python

hello_world.py
#!/usr/bin/python
import gi
gi.require_version('GSound', '1.0')
from gi.repository import GLib, GSound

hello = GSound.Context()
hello.init()
hello.play_simple({GSound.ATTR_EVENT_ID: "phone-incoming-call",
                   GSound.ATTR_EVENT_DESCRIPTION: "hello world"})
GLib.usleep(2000000)

Ruby

hello_world.rb
#!/usr/bin/ruby
require 'gir_ffi'
GirFFI.setup :GSound
Hello = GSound::Context.new
Hello.play_simple("event.id" => "phone-incoming-call", 
                  "event.description" => "hello world")
sleep (2)

Vala

  • Dependency: libcanberra
  • Makedependency: vala
  • Build with: valac --pkg libcanberra hello_world.vala
hello_world.vala
using Canberra;
public class HelloWorld {
	static void main () {
	Context hello;
	Context.create(out hello);
	hello.play (0,
		PROP_EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		PROP_EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world");
	Thread.usleep (2000000);
	}
}
  • Dependency: gsound
  • Makedependency: vala
  • Build with: valac --pkg gsound hello_world.vala
hello_world.vala
using GSound;
public class HelloWorld {
	static void main () {
	var hello = new GSound.Context();
	hello.init();
        hello.play_simple(null,
		GSound.Attribute.EVENT_ID, "phone-incoming-call",
		GSound.Attribute.EVENT_DESCRIPTION, "hello world");
	Thread.usleep (2000000);
	}
}

See also