OpenRC

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Warning: Arch Linux only has official support for systemd. When using OpenRC, please mention so in support requests.

OpenRC is a service manager maintained by the Gentoo developers. OpenRC is dependency based and works with the system provided init program, normally SysVinit.

Installation

Warning: openrc^AUR depends (implicitly) on sysvinit^AUR, which conflicts with systemd-sysvcompat. Therefore the system boots with plain sysvinit by default (not OpenRC or systemd), be sure to add a correct init=some-init kernel parameter.

OpenRC and accompanying packages are available in the AUR. For details on init components, see Init.

Install either the openrc^AUR or openrc-git^AUR package. From version 0.25 onward, OpenRC provides its own init at /usr/bin/openrc-init. Optionally, you can use other inits from, e.g., busybox or openrc-sysvinit^AUR^{[broken link: package not found]}. Note that when openrc-init is used, it must be paired with openrc-shutdown, and not the shutdown or reboot commands from other packages, otherwise you will encounter errors.

A basic set of service files are available from the openrc-arch-services-git^AUR package. Other packages may have service files provided outside this package; a search on the AUR is recommended.

To maintain compatibility with initscripts-fork^AUR, configuration files are installed to /etc/openrc/.

Booting

For booting with OpenRC set the init option in the kernel parameters.
To use OpenRC's built-in init, set init=/usr/bin/openrc-init. To use SysVinit, provided by openrc-sysvinit^AUR^{[broken link: package not found]}, set init=/usr/bin/init-openrc.
Note that when using openrc-init, the /etc/inittab file is not used.

Configuration

The /etc/openrc/conf.d directory, and the /etc/openrc/rc.d file is used for configuration.

For general information on configuring OpenRC, see:

For instructions when migrating from systemd, see Init#Configuration.

Services

OpenRC services are enabled by issuing rc-update add service_name runlevel as root. It is recommended to at least enable the following services:

Service name	Runlevel	Description
udev	sysinit	Device hot-plugging
alsa	default	ALSA state
acpid	default	ACPI events
dbus	default	Messaging bus
dcron	default	Scheduling
syslog-ng	default	System logs

Warning: If using init=/usr/bin/openrc-init in your kernel parameters, you will need to manually enable getty services, otherwise you will be left with no interactive TTYs[1]

If necessary, create services for each wanted getty by creating symbolic links to /etc/openrc/init.d/getty. E.g. for /dev/tty1:

# ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty{,.tty1}
# rc-update add agetty.tty1 default

Network

The network is configured through newnet [2]. Modify the /etc/openrc/conf.d/network file; both the ip (iproute2) and the ifconfig (net-tools) commands are supported. Below is an example configuration using ip.

ip_eth0="192.168.1.2/24"
defaultiproute="via 192.168.1.1"
ifup_eth0="ip link set \$int mtu 1500"

The network service is added to the boot runlevel by default, so no further action is required. See Network configuration for general networking information.

Note: You may also use NetworkManager, dhcpcd or netcfg^AUR by enabling the respective services. netcfg mimics the netctl behaviour (see [3] if you want to enable profiles connection on booting - requires wpa_actiond). See netcfg features.

Boot logs

To enable boot logging, uncomment the rc_logger="YES" line in /etc/openrc/rc.conf. When enabled, boot logs are stored in /var/log/rc.log.

Hostname

OpenRC sets the hostname from /etc/openrc/conf.d/hostname. The file looks as follows:

# Set to the hostname of this machine
hostname="myhostname"

Kernel modules

OpenRC uses /etc/openrc/conf.d/modules instead of /etc/modules-load.d. For example:

/etc/openrc/conf.d/modules

# You should consult your kernel documentation and configuration
# for a list of modules and their options.

modules="vboxdrv acpi_cpufreq"

Locale

Keyboard layout can be configured via /etc/openrc/conf.d/keymaps and /etc/openrc/conf.d/consolefont. You can also configure the settings through the /etc/locale.conf file, which is sourced via /etc/profile.d/locale.sh.

See Gentoo:Localization/Guide#Keyboard layout for the console and Locale for details.

Usage

This section draws a parallel between systemd and other init systems.

You can omit the .service and .target extensions, especially if temporarily editing the kernel parameters.

systemd	SysVinit	OpenRC	Description
`systemctl list-units`	`rc.d list`	`rc-status`	List running services status
`systemctl --failed`		`rc-status --crashed`	Check failed services
`systemctl --all`		`rc-update -v show`	Display all available services.
`systemctl (start, stop, restart, status) daemon.service`	`rc.d (start, stop, restart) daemon`	`rc-service daemon (start, stop, restart, status)`	Change service state.
`systemctl (enable, disable) daemon.service`	`chkconfig daemon (on, off)`	`rc-update (add, del) daemon`	Turn service on or off.
`systemctl daemon-reload`	`chkconfig daemon --add`		Create or modify configuration.

Tips and tricks

Quiet booting

To hide boot messages from OpenRC, you can edit /etc/inittab and add --quiet to every openrc command. For further information check with $ openrc -h.

Troubleshooting

Error while unmounting /tmp

When shutting the system down, you might get an error message such as

* Unmounting /tmp ... 
* in use but fuser finds nothing [ !! ]

This can be fixed by adding

no_umounts="/tmp"

to /etc/openrc/conf.d/localmount

Note: This problem occurs only if your tmp is mounted as a tmpfs.

Disabling IPv6 does not work

One option is to add:

# Disable ipv6
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1

in a file with a .conf extension under /etc/openrc/sysctl.d

During shutdown remounting root as read-only fails

If the above happens, edit the /etc/openrc/init.d/mount-ro file and put:

telinit u

after the following line:

# Flush all pending disk writes now
sync; sync

/etc/sysctl.conf not found

By default, sysctl --system is called to load the sysctl configuration. This includes the /etc/sysctl.conf file, which was removed from Arch. [4]

To prevent a missing file error, create the file:

# touch /etc/sysctl.conf

opentmpfiles-setup failed to start

On booting openrc you may see lines like these :

* Setting up tmpfiles.d entries ...
chattr: Operation not supported while setting flags on /var/log/journal
chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /var/log/journal/%m
chattr: Operation not supported while setting flags on /var/log/journal/remote
[ !! ]
ERROR: opentmpfiles-setup failed to start

This is caused by /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/journal-nocow.conf using options that are only valid if journal is on a btrfs filesystem.

See https://github.com/OpenRC/opentmpfiles/issues/2 for details

A workaround is to create an empty /etc/tmpfiles.d/journal-nocow.conf to override the settings.

Using OpenRC with a desktop environment

If using OpenRC with a desktop environment, ConsoleKit may help. Install the service to /etc/openrc/init.d, and enable it:

# rc-update add consolekit default

See ConsoleKit for more information.

Beginning with OpenRC 0.28, SysVinit is replaced with openrc-init, and shutdown is replaced with openrc-shutdown. By using consolekit the system may hang up when shuting down from desktop session. So use elogind-git^AUR instead. Enable it with:

# rc-update add elogind default

Also you need to replace polkit-consolekit with polkit-elogind^AUR^{[broken link: package not found]}, or the system will alarm "not authorized to perform operation" when mounting usb device, and cannot reboot or shutdown from the desktop session.

Reverting to systemd

Reverting to systemd should be straightforward in most cases. It is essentially the reversal of migrating to OpenRC, with care placed on the following:

Removal of, or otherwise editing, the init= parameter on the kernel command line
Replacement of any OpenRC-tailored or no-systemd packages with their stock equivalents (e.g. replacement of dbus-nosystemd^AUR with dbus)